ISSN 2285-6064, ISSN CD-ROM 2285-6072, ISSN-L 2285-6064, Online ISSN 2393-5138
 

Published in Scientific Papers. Series E. Land Reclamation, Earth Observation & Surveying, Environmental Engineering, Vol. VII
Written by Adrian Mihai OPREA, Gheorghe Florian BORLEA, Dorel DRONCA

Oak wood has been highly praised since the Middle Ages for its strength and durability. This is one of the densest naturally occurring materials; it has good folding qualities despite its natural durability and has a high tannin content which makes it resistant to insects and pests. It is durable, impregnates easily, resists moisture absorption and thanks to its aesthetics and resistance, it is recommended as an excellent feedstock for the furniture industry and beyond, it is often used to manufacture floors, stairs, exterior and interior joinery, interior architectural elements, natural or stained plywood, boards, tiles, ornaments turners, profiles, barrels and it should be continuously promoted because it is a renewable and sustainable raw material. The oak stands have a significant position in the Romanian forests (18% of the country’s total forest area) and in the European ones; they are perhaps more appreciated now than in the past, not only for the particular structural qualities of the wood, but also because they contribute to the biological wealth of the forest ecosystems and for how they participate to the conservation of biodiversity creating an environment that helps to fulfil the social demands. Due to the present-day high market demand, the recent wood industry development and the multiple available transport options, oak wood is imported and exported at a high rate. It would be desirable to promote only those oak raw materials which originate from certified forest areas which are sustainably managed, where forest ecosystem services as well as certified wood chains of custody are promoted. That is why we need to identify, study and monitor the areas which are suitable for obtaining valuable forest stands with Quercus robur (pedunculate oak), Quercus petraea (sessile oak) or Quercus frainetto (Italian oak), and to ensure their growth by applying a sustainable forest management.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series E. Land Reclamation, Earth Observation & Surveying, Environmental Engineering, Vol. VII
Written by Adriana Elena RADU, Petru ALEXE

The purpose of this paper is to identify the perception of consumer on organic products in Romania market in November 2016. The methodology used was a simple survey which was done on 201 respondents from Galati, Romania, who answered to different questions in order to identify their perception and needs on organic products. The questions are closed questions with multiple options of answers. As a conclusion, Romanian consumers seem to be interested in consuming organic products because of their health benefits and taste, versus conventional products. First option in preference of organic products is fruits and vegetables followed by meat products. The survey showed us that organic products are easy recognized on the market after their specific labelling.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series E. Land Reclamation, Earth Observation & Surveying, Environmental Engineering, Vol. VII
Written by Adriana Mihaela CHIRILA - BABAU, Valer MICLE, Ioana Monica SUR

The gold mining activity performed in the past in Romania has led to the pollution of the environment, the degradation of large areas of land and currently represents a significant risk to human health. As a result of the gold mining activities performed in Almasu Mare area, there were large sterile dumps and gold mine galleries that continue to give their mark on the quality of the environment and human health through the amount of heavy metals in the soil and the sterile material improperly deposited, the water that comes out of the underground to the contaminated surface and which flows into the rivers in an uncontrolled way. This paper brings details of cadmium soil pollution in the studied area. The results obtained in the analysis of cadmium concentrations through the AAS spectrometry show that the analysed soil exceeds the admissible limits provided by the legislation in force, and the sterile material collected from the sterile dumps reflects values of the Cd concentration in the interval 10.7 – 22.6 mg/kg. Due to the high concentrations present in the soil and sterile material analysed, soil remediation interventions are required in the area.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series E. Land Reclamation, Earth Observation & Surveying, Environmental Engineering, Vol. VII
Written by Szarita PASKUCZA, Rahela CARPA, Alexei REMIZOVSCHI, Teodor RUSU

Sulphur is the fourth major essential nutrient element, after nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, involved in biogeochemical cycles in nature. Sulphur is essential in all organisms because it is an integral part of major metabolic compounds, such as amino acids (methionine and cysteine), and it is an active component of numerous co-factors and prosthetic groups (Fe–S clusters, sulpholipids, glucosinolates, vitamins, etc), which are involved in metabolic processes of organisms. Medical research appears to confirm the validity of the use of sulphurous spring waters as therapeutical and preventive remedies for a large variety of diseases. In order to evaluate the quality of sulphurous water, samples have been taken of the Sulphurous Springs in Jibou. The objectives of this study were to determine physical and chemical properties (pH, electrical conductivity, salinity, redox potential) of some sulphurous water samples of Jibou area, and also to determine the microbiota involved in S biogeochemical cycle. The physical analysis showed that the sulphurous water of Jibou falls within the very weakly acidic reaction class, and the salinity was 0.2% in all samples. The aerobic heterotrophic bacteria show a maximum value in the sample 4 (2630x103 bacteria/ml). The microbial sulphurous community was detected in all water samples. This information should improve our understanding on adaptation mechanisms of bacteria involved in the sulphur cycle in correlation with physical-chemical parameters.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series E. Land Reclamation, Earth Observation & Surveying, Environmental Engineering, Vol. VII
Written by Ulas SENYIGIT, Muhammet Sabit ILKHAN

This research was conducted in hydraulic laboratory of Irrigation Department, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey. Different water temperatures (20, 30, 40 and 50°C) and operating pressure (80-200 kPa) were applied to determine emitter discharge equations (q= kHx), standard temperature discharge index (TDI, standard temperature is 20°C), coefficient of manufacturing variation (CV) and uniformity parameters such as Christiansen uniformity (Cu) and emission uniformity (CUE). On-line pressure compensating emitter with 2 Lh-1 discharges at system pressure of 100 kPa according to the manufacturer recommended, was used. Emitters were placed at 20 cm interval on the laterals with 16 mm diameter. Discharge equations related to temperatures were obtained as q=2.01H0.00, q=1.96H0.00, q=1.61H0.04 and q=1.54H0.05 respectively. Increased water temperature decreased the emitter discharge. The rate of emitter discharge decreased average 2.5% by increasing of water temperature from 20 to 50°C. TDI values decreased with increasing of water temperature (p<0.001). CV, Cu and CUE values of the emitters under different water temperatures ranged between 0.027-0.033, 97.3-98.5% and 89.2-96.7%, respectively.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series E. Land Reclamation, Earth Observation & Surveying, Environmental Engineering, Vol. VII
Written by Anca ISPAS MUSCELEANU

The real estate development, the increase in the number of constructions made in the past years brings a complex problem, that of urban agglomeration, and implicitly all other problems deriving from it, environmental, social and economic issues. At the base of real estate development and the default of urban development is the system of cadastre and land book. By the very object of activity „the immovable” the cadastre and the urbanism activity are closely related. The aim of this study, is to find the method that brings together cadastre and urbanism information, to make the best decisions by the authorities responsible for these activities but also by citizens who want to achieve certain investment.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series E. Land Reclamation, Earth Observation & Surveying, Environmental Engineering, Vol. VII
Written by Delia DIMITRIU, Dumitru MOLDOVAN, Petru Stefan RUNCAN, Raluca CALAUZ

This paper aims to present a solution for the fragmented agricultural land in the rural area of Romania, involving farmers and local authorities from different villages. The need to set up local associations for everybody’s benefit is further explored, based on the outcome of the EC Project ITAKA, of which Romanian organisations were partners. A framework is proposed, SEIA (Socio-Economic Impact Assessment), to investigate the social aspects and economic impacts associated with Camelina feedstock production. The selected feedstock is linked to the aviation biofuel production, thus a strong argument for economic diversity and prosperity. An understanding of local culture was essential when recording community perception relating to Camelina investment and production in a particular area from Cluj County. The SEIA used in Romania was structured primarily around development and economic factors: land ownership and use, levels of agricultural mechanisation, the size of the available workforce, existing infrastructure and level of taxes raised. Social aspects linked to quality of life, incorporated into the 'people development’ category, included increased employment and lower social costs, better education and health, a cleaner environment. A different feedstock of economic interest may be considered, but the main objective is to find proper solutions for a fertile, but uncultivated land in Romania’s rural area.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series E. Land Reclamation, Earth Observation & Surveying, Environmental Engineering, Vol. VII
Written by Ion ONUTU, Mihaela TITA

Crude oil, petroleum fuel and oil products represent most environmental contaminant of soil and the common sources of these products are motor fuel station underground storage tanks, home and commercial heating oil storage tanks, fuel distribution centers, refineries, crude oil production sites, and accidental spills. The main target of this paper is the study of the critical soil pollutants in a Romanian refinery area where soil pollution with petroleum products is one of the main sources of soil contamination. The methodology of study is measuring and monitoring of the pollutants and codify soil pollution profile. The chemical analysis of the crude oil-contaminated site included different groups of contaminants: PAHs, BTEX compounds, and heavy metals determined in the soil samples from the investigated area. The analytical procedure to measure petroleum contaminants and the heavy metal concentrations was performed according to standard methods in force: SR ISO 13877:1999, ISO 22155:2011 SR ISO 11047:1999 and ISO 20280:2007, and with the appropriate equipment. The results are shown that there is a plenty of pollutants in the critical situation and higher than standard.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series E. Land Reclamation, Earth Observation & Surveying, Environmental Engineering, Vol. VII
Written by Zuzana BÍLKOVÁ, Karel HRICH, Jitka MALÁ, Kateřina SCHRIMPELOVÁ, Michal KRIŠKA-DUNAJSKÝ

Denitrifying bioreactors are a useful passive treatment technology for the removal of nitrates from agricultural runoff. The start-up phase is the most critical period of their operation. In this phase, denitrification rates gradually increase and organic compounds, which are necessary for denitrification, are released from the bioreactor fill media in excessive amounts. The aim of our study was to evaluate the start-up phase of laboratory denitrifying bioreactors filled with six wood-based materials. The effluent quality of all bioreactors achieved a steady state after max. 9 weeks. The denitrification rates at the end of this period ranged from 0.16 to 5.8 g/m3/d. Initial outlet chemical oxygen demand and biochemical oxygen demand leaching rates, which were in the hundreds and tenths of g/m3/d, respectively, decreased below 55 and 30 g/m3/d, respectively. Based on the results reported both for the leaching of organic compounds and the removal of nitrates, poplar seems to be the most suitable denitrifying bioreactor fill medium out of all the tested materials.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series E. Land Reclamation, Earth Observation & Surveying, Environmental Engineering, Vol. VII
Written by Amalia Maria SESCU, Lidia FAVIER, Gabriela CIOBANU, Sorin Mihai CIMPEANU, Razvan Ionut TEODORESCU, Maria HARJA

Water has the most importance to human life, but the quality is very important. Due to rapid development of industrial activities, it has been contaminated with many organic compounds, which is a great concern for environmental quality and human health. Nowadays, the reduction of pollutants in water has attracted a great interest leading to development of Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs), among which TiO2 heterogeneous photocatalysis, as a green and sustainable technology, is one of the most emerging and promising method. TiO2 photocatalyst is known for its excellent ability of degradation and mineralization of organic pollutants. In this work, it was studied the degradation process of Levetiracetam and 2,4,6, trichlorophenol in aqueous solution, by heterogeneous photocatalysis, in the presence of TiO2 Aeroxide® P25, confirming its effectiveness. For Levetiracetam at 150 min degradation was about 80%, while 2,4,6, trichlorophenol was total mineralization.

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