ISSN 2285-6064, ISSN CD-ROM 2285-6072, ISSN-L 2285-6064, Online ISSN 2393-5138
 

Published in Scientific Papers. Series E. Land Reclamation, Earth Observation & Surveying, Environmental Engineering, Vol. XII
Written by Ira-Adeline SIMIONOV, Alina ANTACHE, Madalina CALMUC, Nina CONDURACHE, Miruna CODREANU, Adeline MILEA, Catalina ITICESCU, Puiu-Lucian GEORGESCU

The present study aimed to evaluate the concentration of heavy metals (aluminium - Al, beryllium - Be, cadmium - Cd, arsenic - As, nickel - Ni, chromium - Cr, copper - Cu, lead - Pb, zinc - Zn, and mercury - Hg respectively) in several processed fish foods (canned tuna, sardines, herring, salmon, and mackerel respectively) and assess the risks manifested on human health due to products consumption in Romania. In this context, the estimated daily intake (EDI) and target hazard quotient (THQ) was calculated based on the concentration of elements analysed by using the ICP-MS technique, the average fish products consumption in Romania and the average weight of Romanian consumers. The registered values for EDI and THQ were below 1, fact that indicates there is no risk on consumer’s health. However, continuous screening of heavy metals contamination of food products is needed, due to the on-going risk for elements accumulation.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series E. Land Reclamation, Earth Observation & Surveying, Environmental Engineering, Vol. XII
Written by Marcel Daniel POPA, Ira-Adeline SIMIONOV, Stefan-Mihai PETREA, Floricel Maricel DIMA, Neculai PATRICHE, Catalina ITICESCU, Elena-Cristina OANCEA, Marilena-Florentina LACATUS

The aim of the present study was to provide a comparative analysis related to the concentration of heavy metals (Cd, Pb, Ni, Cr) in the tissues (stem, leaves, panicle) of the common reed (Phragmites australis). The reed samples were collected from 10 different sampling stations located in Danube Delta Reservation Biosphere, 2 sampling station from Lake Brateș and 2 sampling station situated on a tributary of the Danube River (Chineja River), Romania. The concentration of heavy metals varied depending on the location, the lowest values were found in plants located on the course of the Chineja River. As well, depending on the plant structure, was observed that the panicle contained the lowest concentrations of the chosen heavy metals for the experiment.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series E. Land Reclamation, Earth Observation & Surveying, Environmental Engineering, Vol. XII
Written by Maria POPA, Mirel GLEVITZKY, Gabriela-Alina DUMITREL, Dorin POPA, Ana VIRSTA

tarting from the Kaizen approach which aims at continuous improvement, the study synthesizes the information regarding the classification, identification and reporting of defects and all types of non-compliance encountered during the manufacturing process in the food industry, particularizing on a water bottling process. Starting from an optimized logistic system model within the organization, the article deals with the non-conformities on the material and informational flow system, or for technological equipment (machines, equipment and installations). A chi-square test was performed to evaluate the occurrence of defects in different equipment of the technological process. The study is a tool to keep under control the problems that appear and can be constituted in a standard or an internal procedure of the company applicable when a non-compliance is identified. The analysis is carried out to show how to facilitate the signalling, identification, classification, isolation and evaluation of the non-compliant product or service in order to prevent non-quality. The methodology is an effective and efficient tool in preventing non-conformities.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series E. Land Reclamation, Earth Observation & Surveying, Environmental Engineering, Vol. XII
Written by Mihai Teopent CORCHEȘ

Land degradation is a worrisome phenomenon that is closely related to climate change, contributing to the accentuation of climate change and at the same time being caused by it. Land degradation is mainly caused by human activities that lead to soil pollution or degradation, by agricultural practices, by forestry management, urbanization but also by extreme weather phenomena such as floods and droughts. Desertification is also a land degradation phenomenon that is caused by climate change and that contributes to intensifying climate change. This study aims to summarize the main causes leading to land degradation and which have a major contribution to the exacerbation of climate change, but also to identify the appropriate measures to avoid, reduce and reverse land degradation. At the same time, this study identifies the main direct and indirect impacts of land degradation on people's way of life. Regarding the impact of climate change on land degradation, the study identifies ways in which climate change accentuates land degradation processes.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series E. Land Reclamation, Earth Observation & Surveying, Environmental Engineering, Vol. XII
Written by Stefan-Mihai PETREA, Ira-Adeline SIMIONOV, Alina ANTACHE, Aurelia NICA, Cristina ANTOHI, Dragos Sebastian CRISTEA, Maxim ARSENI, Madalina CALMUC, Catalina ITICESCU

The present research reveals the difference between Romania and V4 in terms of the Greenhouse Gas Emissions Strategy and establishes a machine learning (ML) - based modeling framework for improving the ability to reach zero GHG by the mid-21st century. The ML tree-based algorithms, based on dual dimension environmental-economic nexus, revealed that net greenhouse gas emissions (NGHGE) are mostly conditioned by greenhouse gases from agriculture (GHGA), a fact valid both in the case of Romania (feature importance - FI = 0.41) and V4 (FI = 0.86). However, for V4, the 2nd important predictor is identified as greenhouse gases from waste management (FI = 0.26), while in the case of Romania, the national expenditure on environmental protection has a limited impact (FI =0.02) on NGHGE. Both integrated models have good prediction accuracy (Rsq. 0.70, RMSE 0.53 for the model associated with the Romania database and Rsq. 0.76, RMSE 0.47 for the V4 model). It can be concluded that in terms of integrated GHG emissions management strategy, Romania can merge with V4 to increase the environmental efficiency towards achieving the EU environmental goals.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series E. Land Reclamation, Earth Observation & Surveying, Environmental Engineering, Vol. XII
Written by Paula COJOCARU, Gabriela BIALI

In this paper, we aimed to achieve the management of the manure taken from five localities near the county of Iași, Romania. For this, two manure storage platforms with an area of 500 square metres will be built for its temporary storage. The platforms will serve the small farmers in this area, consisting of the platform itself and a collection basin located next to the platform, where the water from precipitation, animal urine and water for sanitising the platform reaches. Thus, this paper describes the constructive elements of the platforms, calculates the volumes of water collected from its surface and sizes the collection basin. The collection basin will have a volume of 120 m3 and has been sized to ensure a storage capacity for a period of 30 days of precipitation and all liquid fractions resulting from the composting process.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series E. Land Reclamation, Earth Observation & Surveying, Environmental Engineering, Vol. XII
Written by Alin CROITORU, Nicolae Ion BABUCA, Jenica CĂLINA, Aurel CĂLINA, Gabriel BĂDESCU

The use of the drone offers the possibility of approaching surfaces that are difficult or even impossible to assess with the help of land surveying tools. With the help of professional drones, high-resolution images can be recorded for any type of terrain, with centimetric accuracy, regardless of whether it is an uneven surface, swamps, land where dangerous materials or substances are stored, forested areas or very large areas. Drone photogrammetry is a technique used to measure, metrically and graphically represent an area of land or other objects of interest, using aerial photographs. This photogrammetric method using drones is used to perform topographical measurements with centimetres accuracy and to make digital land models, topographic plans and many other applications for surveying and geodesy on large, drilled areas, agriculture, construction.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series E. Land Reclamation, Earth Observation & Surveying, Environmental Engineering, Vol. XII
Written by Ovidiu Marcel SÎRBU, Clara-Beatrice VÎLCEANU, Anca Maria MOSCOVICI, Alexandru-Iulian ILIESCU, Remus CHENDEȘ, Otilia-Maria ANDERCA

Soil excavation represents a fundamental step in the construction and development of infrastructure. Despite the widespread application of best practices and regulations, accidents in the construction industry are comparatively higher than those in other industries. Deep excavations have the potential to cause adverse effects on the stability of the soil and nearby structures. Thus, in addition to ensuring safety, it is necessary to assess and monitor the environmental impact of deep excavations during construction processes. An eloquent example is represented by monitoring the marble resources exploitation from the quarry located in the “Dealul Maria” perimeter, in the town of Ruschița, through topographical surveys realized with a view to determine volumes, carried out quarterly, for a period of 5 years. The achieved 3D modeling highlights the differences between the initial shape of the natural land before the start of exploitation, the resulting shape of the land at different stages of the exploitation and the final shape as well as supports a proposal to green the exploited area by restoring the exploited land to a form as close as possible to the original one.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series E. Land Reclamation, Earth Observation & Surveying, Environmental Engineering, Vol. XII
Written by Denis MIHAILESCU, Sorin Mihai CIMPEANU

The development of Earth Observation Systems in Europe began since the 1970s. France, through the National Center for Space Studies (CNES) together with partners from Belgium and Sweden and later through the establishment of Spot Image, laid the foundations of the SPOT space program. The year 1998 brings the first steps of a new common space program of the EU countries by the appearance of the GMES (Global Monitoring for Environment and Security) initiative. In 2014 GMES changed its name to Copernicus and is coordinated and managed by the European Commission, in collaboration with European Space Agency for the space component, European Environment Agency and Member States for the in-situ component. An important step in the study of vegetation was made with the emergence of the SPOT-VEGETATION program based on SPOT 4 and 5 from 1998 to 2013, followed by Proba-V from 2013 until 2020 and continued today by Sentinel-3. Vegetation indices are widely used for assessment of green biomass, crop production, plant health and stress to water scarcity, extreme weather conditions, and diseases.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series E. Land Reclamation, Earth Observation & Surveying, Environmental Engineering, Vol. XII
Written by Cristina Elena MIHALACHE, Bogdan ERGHELEGIU, Mirela Alina SANDU

Monitoring noise pollution is crucial for protecting public health and the environment. It provides data and information needed to understand the sources and distribution of noise levels. This paper presents a GIS-based study of noise pollution for an area located in the southwest part of Bucharest, between Mihail Sebastian, Calea 13 Septembrie and Drumul Sării streets. The values of noise have been recorded by using the Sound Level Meter Lutron - Model SL-4012, in September 2022, for 3 different moments: in the morning, at midday, and in the evening. The results of the analysis have been then used to produce noise maps for each of the three locations. The results showed significant differences in noise levels across different times of the day, with peak levels occurring during daytime hours and early evening in different locations. The study's noise maps provided a clear visual representation of the distribution of noise levels, highlighting areas of concern. The study presents the importance of considering temporal factors in noise mapping and assessment, and the benefits of using GIS tools for this type of analysis.

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