ISSN 2285-6064, ISSN CD-ROM 2285-6072, ISSN-L 2285-6064, Online ISSN 2393-5138
 

Published in Scientific Papers. Series E. Land Reclamation, Earth Observation & Surveying, Environmental Engineering, Vol. III
Written by Andreea CALUGARU

A Geographical Information System describes itself as a management system for databases that provides information in a user interactive mode graph organized for storage, query, update and display of information in an efficient manner. (Imbroane A.M., 2012). This system aims to shape the information into processes and structures that reflect the real world, including past events and possible scenarios in order to analyze, understand and manage the resources and facilities. HG 834/91 concerning the application of the provisions of article 19. 20 of Law No. 15/ 1990 states that land assets of companies with state capital at the time of their establishment, necessary for activity according to their object are established by the judgment of the government organs, according to the law, or by Local State Administration. In this context the present paper proposes an inventory solution for buildings forming an industrial park in order to reorganize the unit to serve the economic urban and regional development or an eventual transformation into a site location for a possible new business, such as a commercial center. The result is the production of graphical data in both digital and analog format, offering solutions to decision-makers who allocate resources.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series E. Land Reclamation, Earth Observation & Surveying, Environmental Engineering, Vol. III
Written by Casen PANAITESCU, Cristinel CONSTANDACHE, Ion Codrut BILEA, Petrisor VICA, AUREL BILANICI, Ion ONUTU

The need for continuous monitoring of surface water quality in order to produce estimations necessary to maintain and provide the sufficiently sources and quality of groundwater is an ongoing concern of the authorities in the protection of water quality. For drinking water sources such studies are required by European legislation. According to the usage degree of surface water for drinking water established by the Romanian Waters Administration, the Buzau-Ialomita basin represents 3.5% of the total water resources. Inside of this basin, the Maneciu-Cheia area has, besides surface waters, an intensively exploited natural lake being an area sensitive to climate change. This paper aims to analyze the influence of climate change on forest ecosystems and on water quality in the mentioned area. The study having been developed within the European project CC-WARE. The relevant physico-chemical indicators analyzed in the paper are: temperature, organic matter, nutrients, turbidity and pH. As novelty items, tracking the influence of climate change within the CC-WARE project enables the estimation of water resources vulnerability and the prediction of water quality in the studied area for the years 2015 and 2020, based on the monitoring data.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series E. Land Reclamation, Earth Observation & Surveying, Environmental Engineering, Vol. III
Written by Dorina POP, Valer MICLE

The purpose of the hereby paper is to present and interpret the results of the lab experiments performed using soil samples of loamy texture, containing three pollutant concentrations (16710.66; 26300.68 and 39256.68 mg/kg dried substance). In the decontamination process, we opted for three time intervals for keeping the samples in the oven, at 350 °C. The results of the experiments indicate that the efficiency of thermal desorption is influenced by the degree of contamination, which shows the importance of choosing the optimal parameters of the thermal desorption treatment process.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series E. Land Reclamation, Earth Observation & Surveying, Environmental Engineering, Vol. III
Written by Ramiro SOFRONIE

The paper deals with the recurrence that naturally occurs between deformable structures and the bearing soil. In one of his preserved sketches Leonardo da Vinci assumed that there are loaded beams that deform under nearly parabolic shapes. The first mathematical model about the beams on elastic foundation is due to the German railroad engineer Emil Winkler in 1867 when he was teaching Strength of Materials at the Polytechnic Institute in Prague. It is a linear model independently of time that seems inspired from the Law of Elasticity published by Robert Hooke in 1678 as Ut tensio, sic vis, and meaning As the extension, so the force. It looks like Winkler only replaced the tension by compression in Hooke’s Law. By coincidence, in the same year 1867 Joseph Monier from Versailles obtained in Paris his patent for reinforced concrete. Winkler’s Theory of beams on elastic foundations under static loads was gradually extended on thin and thick plates, piles and sheet piles, circular tanks and reinforced pipes. Later the elastic stability and dynamic behavior of the same structures was developed. In order to simplify the non-linear analysis in 1997 the finite difference theory was successfully introduced. All results of non-linear analysis are strongly influenced by the bilocal boundary conditions of Sturm-Liouville type. The practical consequence of this analysis consists in the need to provide appropriate joints between structures. There are simple joints with one degree of freedom only, for horizontal thermal contraction/expansion or vertical gravity settlement and seismic joints with six degrees of freedom, i.e. three translations and three rotations. For including in any analysis, the foundation soil should be carefully investigated by geotechnical and geology techniques. Particularly, the foundation soil in Bucharest requires high attention and competence in practical use. For evaluating the behavior in time of bearing soil, its viscous properties have to be accordingly considered in analyses. Soil-structure interaction is controlled by a legislation that satisfies the European Standards. All the existing study cases confirm that in Civil Engineering, sooner or later, any mistake should be paid.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series E. Land Reclamation, Earth Observation & Surveying, Environmental Engineering, Vol. III
Written by Claudiu-Sorin DRAGOMIR, Daniela DOBRE, Emil-Sever GEORGESCU

The paper presents aspects on post-seismic assessment of buildings according with Italian model. The authors of this work participated to international teams for building damage assessment in the framework of STEP (Strategies and Tools for Early Post-earthquake assessment) European project, after L’Aquila earthquake in June, 2009, and as invited experts in the framework of final workshop of Dr. House European Project in April, 2013. The projects were inserted within the framework of the Community Mechanism, whose main task is to facilitate co-operation in civil protection assistance interventions in the event of major emergencies which may require urgent response actions. The STEP project was a pilot project which constituted the technical and technological background for the Advanced Seismic Assessment module. ASA module was developed for strategic and/or complex structures, with dedicated instrumentation. According to the program activities, meetings were related to participation in international teams for post- earthquake assessment of buildings damages, organized by the Department of Civil Protection of the Council of Ministers of Italy as well as to applied of the visual assessment methods of state buildings in the field according to some special forms and exchange of experience at national and regional level with other European countries to develop common methodologies, taking into account national provisions in this regard, including the U.S. and Japan. In the EU context, the main purpose is to evaluate the possibility of participating in the investigation of international teams of experts damages in the event of major earthquakes that will hit some regions. Lessons taken by Romanian experts have been implemented in the post-seismic assessment system developed by NIRD URBAN- INCERC. Will be presented modern techniques used by the experts teams in the field as non-destructive methods, seismic instrumentation, temporary instrumentation, modal and dynamic analysis of buildings, and fast data transmission techniques from the field to clearinghouse. The data taken from the field will update the database created in INCERC Bucharest whose structure and operating will be presented.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series E. Land Reclamation, Earth Observation & Surveying, Environmental Engineering, Vol. III
Written by Maria Lucia BIZO, Oana Cristina MODOI, Camelia BOTEZAN, Erika-Andrea LEVEI, Alexandru OZUNU

The soil contamination with Pb and the Pb mobility in soils near a non-ferrous metallurgical plant in Baia-Mare town, a well-known region for its high level of environmental pollution, were studied using the Community Bureau of References (BCR) Sequential Extraction Procedure. The results indicated a high concentration of the total Pb content, which exceeded the alert thresholds in all samples and the intervention thresholds in more than a half of the samples, according to the Romanian legislation for less sensitive soil uses. About 24% of the total Pb content was found to be in mobile forms and about 48% in mobilizable forms, indicating that, despite the suspending of ore processing activities, a significant soil contamination with mobile Pb fractions occurs. These mobile and mobilizable fractions represent a potential threat to the environment and to human population living around the plant. About 11% of the total Pb content was found in the residual fraction, considered to be immobile and not posing significant risk for the environment.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series E. Land Reclamation, Earth Observation & Surveying, Environmental Engineering, Vol. III
Written by Gabriel POPESCU

This work describes the geolocation determination of remote sensing data, utilizing a satellite configuration that supports a sensor designed to scan the surface of the Earth and it presents mathematical algorithm for determining the position of field scanning satellite records, especially those of imaging. In this paper, it is presented a relationship that give us the coordinates of the point of intersection of the line of sight scanning system and the Earth's surface as a function of: terrestrial ellipsoid surface, satellite position, satellite velocity, satellite attitude (spatial situation) and orientation of the scanner. The input parameters include the orbital state and attitude information of the satellite and the look vector of the remote sensing sensor. The process for calculating the pixel geolocation (geodetic latitude and longitude) starts with the calculation of the Instantaneous Field-Of-View (IFOV) matrix in sensor coordinates. Then, several rotations are required to obtain the IFOV in the Earth Centered Inertial (ECI) coordinate system. First there is the sensor-to-satellite rotation that obtains the IFOV relative to the satellite. Next there is the satellite-to-orbital (geodetic nadir pointing) rotation that obtains the IFOV relative to the path of the satellite. The transformation between the scan pixel and the ECEF pixel is expressed in terms of a series of consecutive matrix transformations applied to the line of sight vector. Finally, for any scan pixel, we obtain ECEF coordinates (by intersection of the IFOV with the ellipsoid used to model Earth) and then geodetic coordinates (geodetic longitude and latitude).

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series E. Land Reclamation, Earth Observation & Surveying, Environmental Engineering, Vol. III
Written by Cristinel CONSTANDACHE, Sanda NISTOR

In Romania, one third of territory is affected by soil erosion process, doubled by a dry trend in climate, therefore, there are necessary ample measures of antierosional works. Among these, antierosional forest belts and plantations establishment represent a major approach. The present work has as the main objective to Romanian bibliographically reference the types and establishment modalities of antierosional works, as well as main areas where they have been established. In recent observations, we have analyzed the behavior of the tree species, forest belts spatial design and its antierosional efficiency in different zones from the country. Antierosional forest belts are to be established on contour lines of the affected or predisposed to erosin versants. Space between belts is determined based on the criticial erosion distance, as varying between 100- 150 m to 300 m, depending on the erosion degree, lands topography and land use. Belts width is set upon both rainfall and land features, as varying between 10 - 20 m up to 60 m on strongly eroded slopes. Regarding the species assortment, the most efficient, both in terms of halting erosion and stand evolution, shows the mixes of principal, secondary and shrubs woody species, in a designed spatial structure with tallest tree species centrally positioned, while other species are placed toward the edges of belts in descending height order to bushes on both sides. Most promising tree species for further use in the composition of the antierosional forest belts are: oaks, sycamore, maple, ash, common walnut, cherry, locust, honey locust, flowering ash, Siberian elm, field maple, Tartarian maple, osage-orange, oleaster, cherry-plum, as well as shrubs: hazelnut, male dogwood, blakthorn, dog rose, under different shares depending on stational conditions. The antierosional forest belts previously established, through their both exceptional functional value and rich biodiversity, represents ecologic, social and economic environmental assets, offering the basics the future action of designing and execution works. Based on obtained results there were prepared appropriate recommendations; toward continuing of establishment of antierosional forest belts under different conditions.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series E. Land Reclamation, Earth Observation & Surveying, Environmental Engineering, Vol. III
Written by Daniela DOBRE, Claudiu-Sorin DRAGOMIR, Emil-Sever GEORGESCU

According to the new seismic design code of buildings, Campina - Doftanei Valley area /Prahova County has a ground acceleration of 0.28 g. This value places it as the second seismic area after Vrancea epicentral area. In these conditions, the article presents some seismic protection measures considered by the owners in the execution of own buildings. Some structural shortcomings of buildings with one or two storey, which were observed at the incidence of intermediate Vrancea earthquake of March 4, 1977, will be emphasized. Also, strengthening solutions are presented as a result of lessons learned from this seismic event. Some structural types like timber structure with bracing and walls with OSB paneling, timber-frame structure filled with masonry brick and mixed structure, with rigid base from masonry and floors with timber frame structure. It is interesting how the transition is made from the rigid structure to the flexible one, knowing that the amplification of efforts appears at the top of them. It is studied how it is treated "the design" of these buildings which is the evidence of local seismic culture, where the flexible system is stiffened by bracing and the beams are arranged by the two orthogonal directions in the plane. The general idea is that in rural areas, even in those affected by earthquakes, an acceptable vulnerability of buildings with a minimum transfer of knowledge in the local community can be maintained.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series E. Land Reclamation, Earth Observation & Surveying, Environmental Engineering, Vol. III
Written by Melania-Nicoleta BOROȘ, Valer MICLE

The effect of urbanization and industrialization led in many cases to the deterioration of the environment. During these processes, a lot of contaminants are released and they accumulate in the environment causing important risks. This study presents the technologies of decontamination of industrial sites using phytoremediation. The use of plants to decontaminate polluted sites is a close to nature method. Plants are able to accumulate important amounts of contaminants from soil by uptaking them by roots and transporting them to the aerial parts. Remediation of contaminated sites is a worldwide concern and contributes to the protection and improvement of the environment. One of the solutions is phytoremediation which is a new technology, innovative and with great perspectives. The aim of this study is to characterize the phytoremediation techniques.

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