Published in Scientific Papers. Series E. Land Reclamation, Earth Observation & Surveying, Environmental Engineering, Vol. V
Written by Daniel DUNEA, Tom SAVU, Leif MARSTEEN

The assessment of harmful PM concentrations i.e. particles with an aerodynamic diameter below 2.5 μm, requires continuous monitoring conducted for 24 hours a day, for 365 days a year. Monitoring campaigns for screening the PM levels in a particular urban area facilitate the conceiving of a continuous monitoring plan by establishing where to deploy optimally the optical instruments for on-line measurement. The paper presents the practical efficiency of the outdoor monitoring of PM size fractions using a new optical equipment i.e. Dusttrak DRX 8533 with environmental enclosure and heating module. The experiments were carried out in Targoviste city, Romania, between 2014 and 2015 within the first two phases of the ROkidAIR project (http://www.rokidair.ro) to perform a screening of the PM concentrations existing in these urban areas and to calibrate the prototype of the PM2.5 microstation developed within the project .The utilization of the DustTrak instrument showed that in heavy traffic conditions without significant industrial emissions, the most frequent PM fraction is the submicrometric one (PM1).The results pointed out the usefulness of monitoring four size segregated mass fractions and their relationship with the potential PM emission sources. Outdoor PM2.5 measurements provide key information for evaluating population exposure, planning of air quality and establishing of reliable measures that allow the lowering of PM emission.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series E. Land Reclamation, Earth Observation & Surveying, Environmental Engineering, Vol. V
Written by Zuzana POÓROVÁ, Zuzana VRANAYOVÁ

Current worldwide agenda about climatic changes is very serious. Situation about changing climate, ecological issues like heavy rains, flooding areas, impervious surfaces are highly debated issues. There are many ongoing researches focusing on these problems. The aim of this article is showing the results of the questionnaire focusing its questions on climatic changes, ecology and microurbanism in bigger detail and problematic of green roofs, their retention and some other qualities, ecological and economical features. The questionnaire is a part of ongoing research and the results will be used in the dissertation.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series E. Land Reclamation, Earth Observation & Surveying, Environmental Engineering, Vol. V
Written by Anca BALAN, Mihail LUCA, Daniel TOMA

The floods occurred on Moldova River, during 2004-2015 changed the minor bed in Soci area. In this area it is embedded the undergoing Timișești-Iași adduction pipe. The undergoing section morphological changes have influenced the vertical and horizontal minor bed stability. Morphological changes were monitored by topographical surveys. The leveling surveys of research area were updated after each flood. There were made cross section and longitudinal section of the riverbed in the research area. By processing the topographical series of surveys it result the riverbed changes under the action floods. The longitudinal and cross sections indicated the riverbed hydrodynamic erosion parameters. The data collected and processed allowed the design of the breastwork in the area where the headrace ducts under-cross the river.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series E. Land Reclamation, Earth Observation & Surveying, Environmental Engineering, Vol. V
Written by Roxana-Gabriela POPA, Irina-Ramona PECINGINA

The soil is the most complex environmental factor, but also the most important in ensuring existential and material support evolving generations of plants, animals and humans, succeeding in time. Gorj county shows the variability of the natural and thus a highly diversified soil cover. The main sources of soil pollution in the Gorj county are mining, energy and oil industry, sources that radically alter the physical indicators of soil quality and pollute with significant quantities of dust, oxides acids, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, chlorides and heavy metals. To highlight the chemical pollution of the soil, samples were collected from representative areas of Gorj county and they were analysed in terms of heavy metals content, by atomic absorption spectrometry. Also, it was made a correlation between pH and chloride content which aimed soil characterization in terms of salinity. Concentrations obtained were compared with normal values and alert thresholds. Study demonstrates that they were recorded exceeding the normal values for heavy metals analysed in some areas of the county, without exceeding the alert thresholds. The pH indicated neutrality soils and in terms of salinity, these are weak saline or moderately saline. In Gorj county it is necessary to apply a strategy to increase the capitalization of potential soil.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series E. Land Reclamation, Earth Observation & Surveying, Environmental Engineering, Vol. V
Written by Irina-Ramona PECINGINA, Roxana-Gabriela POPA, Bogdan-Andrei GATEJ

The Gorj County is located in the south-western part of the country, in northern Oltenia, on the Middle Jiu river. The physical-geographical framework reflects the richness and the diversity of the flora and the fauna of the county, too. The wolf (Canis lupus L.), together with the brown bear (Ursus arctos L.) and the lynx (Lynx lynx L.),is a priority species of European interest whose conservation requires the designation of the special conservation areas. To monitor the wolf populations (Canis lupus L.), it used both passive and active methods of study in the field. The monitoring period was between May 2014 and June 2015. During the researches done in the field, the Canis lupus species was identified within the ROSCI0129 site the North of the Western Gorj in the following areas: Bumbesti –Jiu area, forest habitat 1100 m altitude; Runcu area, forest habitat 1120 m altitude, Pestisani area, forest habitat 1633 m altitude,Tismana area, forest habitat 1140 m, altitude Motru area, forest habitat 1130 m altitude, Stanesti area 1280m altitude.The habitat area of Canis lupus was evaluated according to the field analyses at 40039.73 ha, related to the ROSCI0129 Site the North of the Western Gorj. The repartition area is stable, with a habitat enough extended to ensure the long-term surviving of the species.After the analyse of the gathered datas, it is considered that the increase of the wolf herd whose territory overlaps with the study area is of 75 specimens.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series E. Land Reclamation, Earth Observation & Surveying, Environmental Engineering, Vol. V
Written by Sebastian PLUGARU, Anca SARB,Tibor Zsolt HORCSIK, Tiberiu RUSU

Different forms of chromium can be found in soil, water and even in the air. Around 60% of the chromium in the air is a result of human activities, the rest occurs naturally (by way of volcanic eruptions, fires). Gaseous chromium cannot be found in the atmosphere, chromium binds to the solid particles or to the atmospheric aerosol drops. Most of the forms of Cr (VI) occur in the environment as a result of industrial activity, having chromite as main source, also known as iron and chromium chromate. The ideal composition is FeCr₂O₄. The chromium in the water originates from dust from the air and cliff erosion. The chromium in freshwater varies in the range 0.1-800 mg/l. In polluted areas the values can be even higher. In natural waters Cr(III) and Cr(VI) is stable.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series E. Land Reclamation, Earth Observation & Surveying, Environmental Engineering, Vol. V
Written by Ulas SENYIGIT, Riza KANBER, Atef HAMDY

Different irrigation methods (S: Sprinkler; D: Drip), nitrogen forms (L: Liquid; G: Granule), water and nitrogen levels (based on applied line source sprinkler) and watermelon varieties (P: Paladin; M: Madera) were studied in the experiment. The research was conducted in Research and Production Farm of Cukurova University. Experimental design was strip for the first year and split-strip for the second year. Irrigation water was calculated using cumulative evaporation (Ep) from Class A-pan. Significant linear relationships were obtained between the yield and irrigation water, and between the yield and evapotranspiration at 1% confidence level. Yield response factor (Ky) values were determined as 1.07 for total yield and 1.49 for marketable yield. Since Ky>1, watermelon was sensitive to water deficiency. In addition, total water use efficiencies (TWUE) and irrigation water use efficiencies (IWUE) ranged from 1.80 to 11.33 kg da-1 mm-1 and from 7.29 to 16.47 kg da-1 mm-1 respectively. This finding indicated that WUE and IWUE values increased with the decreasing evapotranspiration and irrigation water.

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Retracted article from publishing in Scientific Papers. Series E. Land Reclamation, Earth Observation & Surveying, Environmental Engineering, Vol. V
Written by Patricia MOCANU, Laurentiu MOCANU

Published in Scientific Papers. Series E. Land Reclamation, Earth Observation & Surveying, Environmental Engineering, Vol. V
Written by Oana CIUGULEA, Ioan BICA

Artificial groundwater recharge is of great importance in the sustainable and integrated management of water resources, particularly in the context in which our country shows a water deficit in certain areas, which is expected to increase over the next few years under the influence of climate change. Due to the fact that the artificial groundwater recharge systems are commonly designed with the aim of increasing the groundwater resources and/or improving their quality, implementing these systems may result in solving the issues relating to water resource management in the context of climate change. In this respect, this paper reviews a case study that describes how water discharges coming from an artificial canal infiltrate in order to provide the recharge rates needed for the safe operation of the drillings of Voronet capture zone, Suceava County. This canal poses two problems, namely the fact that it is not located parallel to the capture zone, and therefore the drillings located at greater distances do not capture sufficient water discharge and the second one, the fact that this canal might get silted. The results obtained from the analytical calculation of the wells discharges in the context of water infiltration from canal, have pointed out that the solution proposed leads to increase in water demand for that capture zone.

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