ISSN 2285-6064, ISSN CD-ROM 2285-6072, ISSN-L 2285-6064, Online ISSN 2393-5138
 

Published in Scientific Papers. Series E. Land Reclamation, Earth Observation & Surveying, Environmental Engineering, Vol. VII
Written by Mehmet Kerim GULLAP, Halil İbrahim ERKOVAN, Ali KOC

The effect of grazers on vegetation and soil properties changes depending on their foraging behaviour and hoof pressure. In general, cattle prefer grasses while sheep prefer considerably forbs and goat skilfully browse during feeding. These differences in feeding preferences herbivore effects species composition and consequently alter vegetation structure on the area. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of single cattle herd and cattle+sheep herds grazing on vegetation composition and soil properties in highlands rangelands. For this aim, four rangeland sites in two locations were selected two site in each location grazed with single cattle herds and the other sites have been grazed with cattle + sheep mixing herds for least 20 years. To compare the effect of grazer differences on vegetation and soil properties, redundancy analysis (RDA) was chosen as the most appropriate constrained ordination technique. Species data were transformed to provide have normality of data. Statistical tests of the significance of the relationship soil properties used Monte Carlo permutation test within CANOCO. Species distribution in the vegetation and some soil properties such clay, silt, sand, organic matter, pH, P, CaCO3, showed a significant correlation related to herd type. These results indicated that animal types have an important role on distribution of plant species and soil properties in the highland short grass steppe rangelands. It can be suggested that cattle and sheep are grazed together to enhance biological diversity and sustainable use of highland short grass steppe rangelands.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series E. Land Reclamation, Earth Observation & Surveying, Environmental Engineering, Vol. VII
Written by Elena PERDUM, Emilia VISILEANU, Iuliana DUMITRESCU, Elena-Cornelia MITRAN, Ovidiu-George IORDACHE

Chemicals safety control and eco-properties have become a priority for the textile industry to avoid the negative effects on humans and environment. The European regulations limit the presence of 24 listed carcinogenic aromatic amines by 30 mg/kg of textile material. The paper aims to present a comparison between different parameters of procedures for the extraction, reduction and purification of the amines obtained by the reductive cleavage of azo dyes in order to choose the optimal method. In order to test the amine extracts obtained, the 8-point calibration curve was performed for the mixture of the 24 standard amines and the solutions obtained from the extraction of the dyestuffs from the textile samples were analysed. Their testing was performed by liquid chromatography and the results were confirmed by the gas chromatography method.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series E. Land Reclamation, Earth Observation & Surveying, Environmental Engineering, Vol. VII
Written by Georgi KOMITOV, Ivan IVANOV, Dimitar KEHAYOV

One of the ways to reduce the pollution of nature is to increase the share of "green" alternative energy and more efficient technologies in the field of its extraction and using in the household as heating. The application of the best technology, available from industry, can substantially reduce the generated waste and significantly improve its recycling or utilization. In this article, with the creation of the digital model is shown correlations in terms of more rational use of different types of "green energy" from RES. The main idea in the application of various types of renewable energy is the opportunity to reduce greenhouse emissions and their generation.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series E. Land Reclamation, Earth Observation & Surveying, Environmental Engineering, Vol. VII
Written by Crina-Adriana DRAGANESCU, Liliana GURAN

The Rovinari Thermal Power Plant is one of the electricity suppliers of Oltenia (together with Turceni Thermal Power Plant, Craiova Thermal Power Plant) covering one third of the national electricity production. The aim of this paper is to determine practically, by drilling, the physical and mechanical characteristics of the soil in the area of Rovinari Thermal Power Plant. The paper is intended to be an introduction to a broader study on the influence of mining lignite quarries in the Rovinari mining basin on the stability of the buildings in the Rovinari thermal power plant and its coal and slag-ash deposits. This stability depends on the safe functioning of the thermal power plant throughout its lifetime.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series E. Land Reclamation, Earth Observation & Surveying, Environmental Engineering, Vol. VII
Written by Adela PASCA, Teodor RUSU

Global warming in the past 30 years had serious effects on agricultural land and its crop suitability in the Iclod Commune, whose agricultural land evaluation database still uses old temperature and precipitation averages. Using WorldClim monthly temperature and precipitation distribution maps, History+ simulated archive database and SRTM’s slope steepness and orientation, raster calculations were performed in GIS for a fast update of temperature and precipitation distribution maps which were then used to update the OSPA’s agricultural land qualitative assessment database. The results show that the last 30 years hot and dry tendencies substantially modify Iclod Commune’s land evaluation database, suggesting that new crops are more suitable than the old ones in face of the current accelerated climate change tendencies.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series E. Land Reclamation, Earth Observation & Surveying, Environmental Engineering, Vol. VII
Written by Milena KUŠNEROVÁ, Zuzana PALKOVÁ, Jan VALÍČEK, Marta HARNIČÁROVÁ, Sorin IONITESCU

For passive and low energy buildings, such an external envelope, which can provide a sufficient thermal insulation function with the smallest overall wall thickness., is thermally and financially the most advantageous. Concrete can be a suitable building material. At present, non-reinforced porous concretes, light autoclaved concretes (sand and ash concretes) are used as good insulating materials. New thermal insulating concretes designed by us can be classified into this category. At the same time it is possible to prove by their previously non-tabulated heat penetration parameters that these materials are of relatively higher quality. Use of these materials brings the same effect of desired thermal insulation by only a comparatively small reduction in the concrete wall thickness. As a result, it is possible not only to achieve savings of the indoor living area, but also to declare a more favourable parameter of the building energy intensity, which is a highly reputable parameter. The solved issues are important in agriculture, especially in terms of dimensioning the purpose-built buildings, such as residential buildings, livestock buildings, silos and various buildings designed for storage. With regard to the assessment of the entire life cycle of buildings and the durability of concrete, the choice of this material is favourable both from the viewpoints of power consumption, environmental impacts and economy.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series E. Land Reclamation, Earth Observation & Surveying, Environmental Engineering, Vol. VII
Written by Aurelian Stelian HILA, Zoltán FERENCZ, Sorin Mihai CIMPEANU

Global warming is a factor that has widened over the last period of time, so monitoring ground temperature is needed to take measures to prevent this phenomenon. In the hope of preserving life on earth and bring balance in our life, as we use to have it, it is up to our civic duty to share the essentials of the scientific research done, for the doctoral thesis and came with some ideas and suggestion, to help our community to reach our goal. The objective of the study will describe a methodology used for estimating the terrestrial surface temperature by means of the geographic information systems technology, using the two Landsat thermal bands, acquired by the Thermal Infrared Sensor (TIRS) installed on the Landsat 8 satellite platform. A case study on the administrative area of Cristuru Secuiesc, located in the South-West part of Harghita County, will be approached in the paper. The primary data base consists of thermal bands (band 10 and band 11) and multispectral bands (2, 3, 4, 5) from the Landsat 8 mission, taken with OLI (Operational Land Imager) and TIRS (Thermal Infrared Sensor) sensors. To carry out the study, the NDVI index will be calculated using the multispectral bands, while the thermal bands will be converted to several physical quantities in order to obtain the desired result. The paper describes the process of collecting data and processing it, to obtain valuable information on the surface temperature experienced by a computer, without the need for field measurements.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series E. Land Reclamation, Earth Observation & Surveying, Environmental Engineering, Vol. VII
Written by Ovidiu IORDACHE, Corina MOGA, Iuliana DUMITRESCU, Elena PERDUM, Elena-Cornelia MITRAN, Ana-Maria Andreea CHIVU, Mariana FERDES, Floarea PRICOP

Most widely applied technologies wastewater treatment biological technologies are based on the selection of microbial communities dominated by bacteria (activated sludge).Wastewater treatment through Moving Bed Biofilm Bioreactors (MBBRs) has been widely used during the last years. The wastewater treatment with moving bio media consists in adding biofilm carriers (small cylindrical/ round/ plate shaped polyethylene/polypropylene/ polyurethane foam carrier elements) in aerated or anaerobic basins to support biofilm growth. The paper explored the functionalization of MBBRs (polyethylene support) structures in a Biotec FE 007 fermentor, with Cerioporus squamosus strain (a basidiomycete bracket fungus). Scanning Electron Microscopy and optical microscopy analysis were carried out pre and post microbial functionalization on the MBBRs in order to assess the colonization of the MBBRs structures and internalization of microbial biomass. The functionalized MBBRs will be further used in experiments of removal of recalcitrant compounds from cellulosic wastewaters.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series E. Land Reclamation, Earth Observation & Surveying, Environmental Engineering, Vol. VII
Written by Daniela DOBRE, Claudiu Sorin DRAGOMIR

The paper is intended to present some aspects regarding the safety evaluation methods by determining those defining characteristics of a structural system (behaviour in time through dynamic characteristics evolution). This assessment should first be initiated in the case of buildings with essential functions and which could pose a major threat to public safety in case of collapse or serious damage. Determining, using intelligent wireless sensor networks, used within of a real-time data transmissions system, of some accelerograph data obtained from earthquakes with significant magnitude, will lead to an image of the spatial distribution of peak ground acceleration (PGA). Obtaining additional data over time will highlight some conclusions about acceleration values and directivity of seismic waves in the territory. On the other hand, the determination of the dynamic characteristics of structural systems by non-invasive and non-destructive instrumental measurements, under normal micro-seismic agitation, offers the possibility of obtaining important data in the structural safety assessment process after a major earthquake. Correlation of structural dynamic information, determined in situ and by analytical approaches, is a necessary step in the continuous process of risk exposure in an area with disaster potential. Data about a few study cases are presented.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series E. Land Reclamation, Earth Observation & Surveying, Environmental Engineering, Vol. VII
Written by Minodora AILENEI (RADU), Oprea RADU, Daniel BUCUR

The surface and subsurface drainage systems developed in the Moldova River watershed in the County of Suceava have been designed to be used on drainage sectors, and, in order to enhance excessive water capture and discharge, several complementary works have been planned from time to time, namely: land levelling, shaping, deep loosening etc. Due to the extension of the private ownership of the land with drainage systems starting with 1991 and due to the carrying out of soil works on individual plots of land, the land was shaped in the bedding with ridges and furrows, of variable widths, level differences and transverse slopes. Land shaping that does not match the routing of the plastic drain lines and of the drainage network allows the water to stagnate in the furrows and extend the excessive humidity period. The use of the developed areas on drainage sectors facilitates the levelling of small depressions and supports the even removal of excessive water. As maintenance works have not been performed from time to time, this has gradually led to the erosion of slopes and to the slitting of the canal network and of the discharge holes in the drains, which caused excessive humidity to reoccur.

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