ISSN 2285-6064, ISSN CD-ROM 2285-6072, ISSN-L 2285-6064, Online ISSN 2393-5138
 

Published in Scientific Papers. Series E. Land Reclamation, Earth Observation & Surveying, Environmental Engineering, Vol. VIII
Written by Minodora AILENEI (RADU), Oprea RADU, Daniel BUCUR, Razvan Ionut TEODORESCU

The improvement of the conditions of plant growth and development and raising the productive capacity of soils following the application of hydro and agropedoameliorative works, allowed the cultivation of large areas of land with grazing and hay fields and the possibility of cultivating a wide range of agricultural plants. This paper presents a study carried out on a surface arranged with drainage works with the current use of grazing field and exploited as arable between 1978 and 1992. Repeated and uncontrolled passing of the animals over the channel network through unarranged areas led to the acceleration of the bank erosion and the strong clogging of the channels with negative influence on the functional efficiency of the drainage network. The non-rational grazing, both on the overwet soil and over the periods affected by water deficiency, caused the destruction of the vegetal cover. The prolongation of humidity excess and water stagnation in microdepressions formed on the drained surface favoured the installation of low-quality hygrophilous vegetation.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series E. Land Reclamation, Earth Observation & Surveying, Environmental Engineering, Vol. VIII
Written by Hasan ERTOP, Atılgan ATILGAN, Ercüment AKSOY

In this study, the determination of geothermal energy in the Aegean region and determination of the use of geothermal energy in greenhouse cultivation were investigated. The results were compared with the related literature. Heating of greenhouses with geothermal energy sources will help to increase our greenhouse areas by providing economic cultivation opportunities if technical and environmental precautions are taken. For the data on thermal areas and active faults for Denizli, Aydın and Afyonkarahisar provinces where geothermal resources are used, the data of the General Directorate of Mineral Research and Exploration was used. The geothermal energy potential map of the provinces has been tried to be obtained from these data. From these maps, the locations of the greenhouses and geothermal energy heating greenhouses were compared. The development of greenhouses making use of geothermal energy in Turkey will provide significant contributions to greenhouse cultivation in all regions and especially in the Aegean Region. In conclusion, we are of the opinion that the maps drawn during this study will shed light to producers who are considering the use of geothermal energy for their greenhouses in the study area.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series E. Land Reclamation, Earth Observation & Surveying, Environmental Engineering, Vol. VIII
Written by Tudor SALAGEAN, Elemer-Emanuel SUBA, Ioana Delia POP, Florica MATEI, Jutka DEAK

Stockpile volume measurement is very important, especially in highway construction sites. Monitoring inventories, as well as keeping records of stockpiles, is one of the key elements in the success and optimizing the construction site works. Inventories in the case of construction sites are constantly changing; the raw material stored is on the one hand supplied by the suppliers and on the other hand transported and used on the site. Within this paper we aim to compare different methods of measuring and determining volumes. We also develop a workflow for UAV photogrammetric measurements and compare the volumes obtained with different specialized software. Using different software even on the same UAV data set, we obtained relatively similar results, the differences being due mainly to the different 3D modelling of the surfaces. To determine as precisely as possible highway construction sites, stockpile volumes the UAV photogrammetric method is the most precise in terms of the accuracy of the results obtained. This method also saves a lot of time on the site and is also risk free.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series E. Land Reclamation, Earth Observation & Surveying, Environmental Engineering, Vol. VIII
Written by Vijendra BOKEN

A case study was conducted for Yavatmal district of Maharashtra state of India where dryland agriculture dominates and where a significant number of farmers have committed suicides in recent years due to the lack of support systems necessary to manage an agrarian crisis. Using monthly temperature and the precipitation data during 2001-2013 period, a weather-based index was developed for the main crops of the district (sorghum, soybean, and pigeon pea; cotton was excluded) to assess the agrarian crisis due to low crops yields, in a more objective and less disputable way that could be preferred by a crop insurance company. While the mean value of WI was 1.0, its range was 0.64 to 1.32 for pigeon pea, from 0.94 to 1.12 for sorghum, and from 0.31 to 1.72 for soybean. These ranges could be further divided appropriately into qualitative categories of to define agrarian crisis for the purpose of designing crop insurance plans to support farmers at their hard times thus making agricultural profession more sustainable.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series E. Land Reclamation, Earth Observation & Surveying, Environmental Engineering, Vol. VIII
Written by Violina ANGELOVA, Zhivko TODOROV

A comparative research regarding the impact of organic amendments on the uptake of heavy metals within Oriental tobacco Krumovgrad 90 has been carried out. Experiments have been implemented in controlled conditions. The soil used in this experiment was sampled from the vicinity of KCM – Plovdiv. The pot experiment was a randomized complete block design containing five treatments and three replications (15 pots). The treatments consisted of a control (no organic ameliorants) and compost, and vermicompost amendments (added at 2.5% and 5%, recalculated based on dry soil weight). Heavy metals were measured in roots, stems and leaves of tobacco. The photosynthetic and transpiration rates were measured during treatment using an LCA-4 portable photosynthesis system. Amendments favour the growth and development of tobacco and increased photosynthesis and transpiration intensity. Amendments dose not lead to effective immobilization of Cd, Zn and Cu phytoaccessible forms in soil. The effect of the amendments used for the reduction of the Cd and Zn content in tobacco is negligible. The use of vermicompost can result in a reduction of Pb content in tobacco leaves to 30-40%.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series E. Land Reclamation, Earth Observation & Surveying, Environmental Engineering, Vol. VIII
Written by Cristiana SIRBU

2018, a year of multiple significance like: the celebration of the 100th anniversary of the proclamation of the Union of Bessarabia with Romania, the 8th anniversary of adoption of the European Union Strategy for the Danube Region, and the completion of ten years since Romania and Austria launched the initiative to set up a European strategy dedicated to the development of the Danube macro-region, it is necessary to highlight the opportunities that this strategy can bring, as well as the importance of cross-border cooperation between neighboring countries. The paper presents the opportunities for the Danube area and for our country as well, opportunities that can be brought by a good crossborder collaboration and respecting the principles of the European Union Strategy for the Danube Region.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series E. Land Reclamation, Earth Observation & Surveying, Environmental Engineering, Vol. VIII
Written by Dimitar KEHAYOV, Georgi KOMITOV, Ivan IVANOV

Natural resources are an energy source, the restoration of which becomes extremely slow. In Global terms, there is an energy crisis with distinct peaks and lows, which compels all sides to seek lasting solutions in terms of energy balance. To meet their energy needs, many countries are planning a more rational use of energy and the development of renewed energy sources (RES) to replace part of the fossil fuels. As a variant of a renewable energy source, the Brown’s gas can also be considered. The efficiency of Brown's generator is justified by the clear decomposition of the hydroxyl group and the amount of gas produced. This article examines the influence of two factors on the flow rate of receiving Brown’s gas. Two different electrolytes are used with different concentration and different current force from the power source. Conducted experiment is planned for B2 plan. It is decided the optimization task with a global maximum and it is found the meanings of the factors that give the maximum value of the gas flow rate.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series E. Land Reclamation, Earth Observation & Surveying, Environmental Engineering, Vol. VIII
Written by Ozan ARTUN, Burak SALTUK

Animal breeding is one of the agricultural activities in Turkey. The animal manure can be used as an organic material in producing biogas. The energy needs of agricultural enterprises can be met by establishing biogas production facilities in these enterprises. In this study, it was aimed to determine the potential areas in the East Mediterranean region of Turkey which is suitable for biogas plants. The East Mediterranean covers Adana, Hatay, Kahramanmarasand Osmaniye provinces. In this context, the borders of the provinces (Adana, Hatay, Kahramanmarasand Osmaniye) subjected to the study and the topographic properties of the region were drawn using ARCMAP 10.3 software. In this study, it was aimed to determine the obtainable biogas energy fields and the current situation in the provinces in the East Mediterranean region. Furthermore, the number of cattle in the East Mediterranean region for the years 2013-2017 was benefited from in this framework. The potential biogas areas in each province were determined and these areas are tried to be interpreted. The areas that are suitable, non-suitable or partially suitable for biogas energy production were determined. The finding that a total of 7634583.885 tons of annual wet manure can be obtained in the study area was obtained. It was determined that a total of 3193690103 MJ biogas energy amount can be obtained per year from this wet manure.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series E. Land Reclamation, Earth Observation & Surveying, Environmental Engineering, Vol. VIII
Written by Maria-Olivia MOLDOVAN, Marcel DIRJA, Iulia-Diana GLIGA (ARION), Mihai VOEVOD

The purpose of this study is to make an inventory of works regarding antierosion organization and land improvements that have been designed in the body known as Feleac Farm, in Cluj-Napoca, Romania. After consulting execution projects, estimates for various categories of works and documents from the archive of S.C.H. Cluj-Napoca, an inventory was made of works fighting surface soil erosion (canals that intercept runoff, outlets, chutes, collector and absorbent drain pipes in view of collecting groundwater, leveling) and works fighting deep soil erosion. The existing cartographic material was first scanned in order to be used in the GIS platform, then georeferenced. The digital database was created starting from vector database structures, based on the graphic primitive’s dot, line, polygon, and from tabular database structures, attribute. In order to visualize and access data for information and field orientation for the evaluation of the current state of works, data has been disseminated through the Carry Map ArcGIS extension.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series E. Land Reclamation, Earth Observation & Surveying, Environmental Engineering, Vol. VIII
Written by Ovidiu IORDACHE, Ioana Corina MOGA, Cornelia MITRAN, Dana CIUTARU, Irina SANDULACHE, Lucia SECAREANU, Gabriel PETRESCU, Elena PERDUM

Moving Bed Biofilm Reactors systems (MBBRs) have lately emerged as highly effective tools for treatment of wastewaters originating from various industrial sectors. System performance within the MBBRs is highly dependent on the carriers used, regarding efficiency in wastewater treatment (BOD/COD removal, heavy metal content reduction, nitrification and denitrification processes, various recalcitrant compounds removal etc.). Novel carrier structures have been obtained (patents pending), based on a mix of polyethylene with inorganic and organic compounds. Morphology analyses were carried out by Scanning Electron Microscopy, for assessment of internal surface structure, which will serve as an immobilization substrate for future bio-functionalization experiments. Chromatographic profile was assessed by Headspace Gas Chromatography, in order to identify Volatile Organic Compounds from the developed structures. The carried out analyses will serve as a starting point for future augmentation of the carriers with microbial strains.

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