ISSN 2285-6064, ISSN CD-ROM 2285-6072, ISSN-L 2285-6064, Online ISSN 2393-5138
 

Published in Scientific Papers. Series E. Land Reclamation, Earth Observation & Surveying, Environmental Engineering, Vol. VIII
Written by Ozan ARTUN, Hakan KAVUR

Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is known as tropical and subtropical neglected vector-borne disease in the Old World. Despite the fact that the Eastern Mediterranean Region and Tigris Basin are an endemic area of CL, unfortunately their bio-climatic and environmental variables are relatively poorly understood. The aim of the present study were determining the distribution of disease intwo endemic foci and comparison of variables in terms of CL epidemiology. For this purpose, extracted numbers of environmental variables from different sources and determined 3044 CL cases’ location information obtained from the ministry of health database to are used for modeling of the CL current probability of occurrence. The ecological niche model (ENM) analysis was used for this purpose. ENM analyses are made by using ArcGIS and MaxEnt softwares to explore the ecological conditions of the disease. Our results emphasized that CL current the area under the curve (AUC) value were found 0.868, 0.918 and 0.924 in Adana, Mersin (East Mediterranean Region) and Diyarbakir (Tigris Basin) respectively. Also, BIO1, BIO4, BIO5, BIO9, BIO10 and DEM were found related to the presence of native human cases of CL in East Mediterranean Region. BI O2, BIO4 and BIO11 were found to correlate with CL probable distribution in Tigris Basin. Consequently, there were relationship between temperature data and disease epidemiology for both areas. Also, comparison results of the study could be a reference to the health ministry's CL and vector control studies.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series E. Land Reclamation, Earth Observation & Surveying, Environmental Engineering, Vol. VIII
Written by Gabriel POPESCU, Octavian Laurentiu BALOTA, Daniela IORDAN, Daniel ILIE

The paper aimed to present the advantages of realistic representation of a geographic area by combining optical and LiDAR data captured with UAVs. LiDAR data and aerial images, both captured with an UAV, have their own unique advantages and disadvantages and it is natural to integrate those two data sets for a good realistic representation of a geographic area in terms of horizontal and vertical accuracy. Compared with aerial images, LIDAR data provide more accurate height information but less accurate boundaries. Aerial images provide more extensive planimetric information such as high-resolution texture and colour information. Although 3D height information can be estimated from one or several images by the use of several photogrammetric methods, the height information extracted from aerial images is still relatively less accurate. The realistic representation of a geographic area in the virtual environment, was verified for validation in the Cernica Dam area, checking the spatial data sets used (LiDAR and optical). We used for data validation, the ground truth, given by GNSS measurements in the field, and the experimental results indicate that this combination improves the overall accuracy from 94% to 97%.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series E. Land Reclamation, Earth Observation & Surveying, Environmental Engineering, Vol. VIII
Written by Maria POPA, Loredana Irena NEGOITA, Bogdan Petre ARNAUTU

In the present paper the electro-kinetic depollution is compared with the thermal depollution. The need for a high degree of depollution for soils contaminated with liquid petroleum products is complemented by the economic need not to destroy the pollutant. The study contains a set of experimental data of laboratory activity to compare a new method of depollution with already known and industrially applicable methods. Thermal methods of depollution, combustion and desorption, are methods that have a high degree of depollution, but destroy the pollutant. Electro-kinetic depollution is based on physical principles that cause the migration of the pollutant for the purpose of collecting it without destroying it. The paper presents comparatively the degree of depollution rates achieved by the three methods and the costs obtained for them. In addition, for the electro-kinetic method particular attention has been given to both the recovery of pollutants and the properties of the water used in the process so that it does not become a new source of pollution.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series E. Land Reclamation, Earth Observation & Surveying, Environmental Engineering, Vol. VIII
Written by Hasan Huseyin OZTURK, Bulent AYHAN, Kazim TURGUT

In this study, it is aimed to produce pellets for use as solid biofuel from corn production wastes. Palletization of the biomass material increases volumetric heat value, reduces transport and storage costs, improves combustion properties, reduces emissions of particulate emissions, and produces a biofuel of the same size and shape. For this purpose, corn stalks were milled with a hammer mill and pellets were produced in an automatic feed pelletizing machine. Pellets produced from corn waste; hardness resistance, water absorption resistance, moisture content, ash content, equivalent moisture content, gas emission values released in the combustion result and calorific values which are important indicators of energy content have been determined. The upper calorific value of maize pellets with an average length of 17.28 mm and a diameter of 6.26 mm was determined to be 18.11 MJ/kg. The CO2, NO and NOx emission values of pellets from corn stalks were measured as 4.7 ppm, 38 ppm and 40 ppm, respectively. The evaluation of corn waste as pelletized solid biofuel will contribute to the prevention of agricultural land damage and environmental pollution as a result of the burning of residual vegetable waste from corn production.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series E. Land Reclamation, Earth Observation & Surveying, Environmental Engineering, Vol. VIII
Written by Georgi KOMITOV, Violeta RASHEVA, Georgi VALTCHEV

Improving energy efficiency and reducing greenhouse gases is a central issue of the Europe energy strategy. The challenge of significant reduction in energy consumption is high. It can only be achieved if we all work together and share good experiences and practices. Recently in the livestock sector is highly relevant topic of the requirements for the breeding conditions of farm animals. These conditions are necessary for industrial methods of production and for poultry farming. They define health, ensure productivity and preserve the reproductive performance of farmed animals. The accumulation of products obtained in the process of birds breeding (heat, moisture, waste gases, etc.) in the premises may have a negative impact on the health of the birds. Correct determination of these products will result in the exact sizing of the ventilation and heating installations of poultry farms. This article identifies the incoming and outgoing heat flows from a broiler farm and proposes a methodology for determining the amount of energy required for heating the farm by providing the necessary zoo technical parameters for broilers breeding. The methodology has been developed on the basis of European and national regulations in the field of energy efficiency and in the field of veterinary medical requirements for livestock premises. The proposed methodology could be used for designing of heating and ventilation installations of poultry farms operating under different conditions.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series E. Land Reclamation, Earth Observation & Surveying, Environmental Engineering, Vol. VIII
Written by Stefan Florin BALAN, Alexandru TIGANESCU, Bogdan Felix APOSTOL

The paper presents displacements and accelerations of two tower type buildings, one near the epicenter zone, Vrancea and one South of Bucharest (~150 km from epicenter zone). Displacements and accelerations were computed from the processed recorded accelerograms. Were used 3 “Triaxial Seismic Accelerometers” on 3 levels of each building. The displacements and accelerations on the analyzed structures were a result of Vrancea medium earthquakes between 2014-2017 years with magnitudes Mw ranging from 3.8 to 5.6 and depths between ~ 41 km to 147 km. A discussion of structural response was made concerning each building (one on 12 seismic events, the other on 6 ones and both on 4 that are common). The recorded data will contribute to a better understanding of the structures responses, even subjected to medium magnitude seismic events, and to the mitigation of seismic risk for densely populated areas.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series E. Land Reclamation, Earth Observation & Surveying, Environmental Engineering, Vol. VIII
Written by Cornel Cristian TERESNEU, Maria Magdalena VASILESCU

This research aims to identify the manner in which orographically factors influence the horizontal precision of GPS coordinates. The study area is a mountainous region in the Bran locality, mainly covered with spruce forests. Data was collected using the Stop&Go method with post-processing, using two GPS receivers (Trimble Pro XH and Pro XT). Data was stratified considering the following criteria: orography (valley, slope, crest) and aspect (S-N, E-V). Field data was post-processed and the resulting precisions were analysed using the Statistica software. The influencing factors were analysed individually, but also in different combinations. The best accuracy was obtained for points located on crests, followed by points on slopes (which had a good precision) and finally points in valleys (which had acceptable or low precision).

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series E. Land Reclamation, Earth Observation & Surveying, Environmental Engineering, Vol. VIII
Written by Ovidiu IORDACHE, Ioana Corina MOGA, Cornelia MITRAN, Dana CIUTARU, Irina SANDULACHE, Lucia SECAREANU, Gabriel PETRESCU, Elena PERDUM

Fungi have been widely used in industrial wastewater treatment, as real alternative to conventional treatment methods. Specific filamentous fungi (FF) have been used for sludge treatment, bioflocculation, SS concentration reduction, degradation and removal of certain toxic compounds etc. Very few research works exploited the use of fungi augmented carriers inside MBBR systems. Present work explored the bio-augmentation experiments of four polyethylene based carriers with strain of Cerioporus squamosus (syn. Polyporus squamosus), a basidiomycete bracket fungus. Bioaugmentation was carried out in various conditions (varying certain process parameters) in order to facilitate growth of strain inside the carriers’ structure, which were composed of a mix of polyethylene with inorganic and organic compounds, especially designed in order to allow microbial growth inside the carriers’ internal space.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series E. Land Reclamation, Earth Observation & Surveying, Environmental Engineering, Vol. VIII
Written by Simona-Ioana MARINESCU, Daniela Eliza MARIN, Zsuzsa JÓKAI, Márta ÜVEGES, Madalina ALBU KAYA, Vasile BUNDUC, Mihály DERNOVICS, Hajnalka HINGYI, Mihaela BEGEA, Iuliana Diana BARBULESCU

The paper relates to obtaining new bio-ingredients based on wine/brewing yeast biomass rich in polyphenols, which can be used for feed purpose. The drying process by lyophilization of yeast biomass was performed in the pilot phase in order to obtain active yeast and the content of total polyphenol and protein was also determined. Inactivation of yeast by drum dryers with rolled drums was also achieved and the content of total polyphenol and protein from spent brewing yeast and mixture of this with new bio-ingredients based on wine/beer yeast biomass was performed. A content of 580-930 mg/100 g (referred to gallic acid) was obtained for yeast that accumulates total polyphenol at pilot level, 320 mg/100 g (referred to gallic acid) dry spent brewing yeast and 310 mg/100 g (referred to gallic acid) for mixture (the yeast obtained at pilot level and spent brewing yeast). It was also noticed that the content of protein at pilot level for yeast that accumulates protein at pilot level was 41.24 g/100 g, 45.73 g/100 g for spent brewing yeast and 42.85- 43.39 g/100 g of protein from mixed yeasts.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series E. Land Reclamation, Earth Observation & Surveying, Environmental Engineering, Vol. VIII
Written by Dimitar KEHAYOV, Nedyalka PALAGACHEVA

With a view protection of rapeseed during flowering of pest and conservation of the main pollinators on crop plants namely bees are looking for alternative means of control. In this connection under field tested plant extracts: walnut (Juglans regia L.), wild walnut (Ailantthus altissima Swing.), tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.), against adult pollen beetle (Meligethes aeneus F.) and blosson beetle [Tropinota (Epicometis) hirta Poda]. Exploring held in 2018 in experimental rape fields in Southern Bulgaria. Experiment was conducted in 3 repetitions and 6 variations aim parameters. The following were: the type of sprayer and the plant extract at the same concentration of solutions. The results of conduct a studies show that high effectiveness against adults pollen beetle (M. aeneus) and blossom beetle (T. hirta) occurs with the use of plant extracts. It is established, influence both on the type of sprinkler, and the nature of the plant extract.

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