ISSN 2285-6064, ISSN CD-ROM 2285-6072, ISSN-L 2285-6064, Online ISSN 2393-5138
 

Published in Scientific Papers. Series E. Land Reclamation, Earth Observation & Surveying, Environmental Engineering, Vol. XIII
Written by Teodora UNGUREANU, Andreea Cătălina POPA, Claudiu-Sorin DRAGOMIR

This study explores the potential of implementing analysis indicators in the Romanian context to enhance the development and maintenance of green and blue urban infrastructure. Previous studies on GBUI have primarily focused on larger scales, considering cities or territories, to understand connectivity and positive impacts. However, in Romania, green and blue infrastructure in urban areas has received less attention for analysis and development. To understand the impact of GBUI at a neighbourhood level, the study proposes the development of specific indicators that consider the urban form, functional zoning, and the provision of public urban green and blue spaces regarding housing and urban amenities. This research utilises international practice, scientific literature, and national legislation to understand new mechanisms for urban design and sustainable development. It maps indicators for GBUI analysis and design, contributing to a new methodological approach in the Romanian context. This research's findings can guide the design and development of new residential areas, thereby improving the quality of urban life through improved green and blue urban infrastructure.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series E. Land Reclamation, Earth Observation & Surveying, Environmental Engineering, Vol. XIII
Written by Violina ANGELOVA

The present study determines the chemical composition of lemongrass oil, content of heavy metals and identifies the possibility of lemongrass growth on soil contaminated by heavy metals. The experimental plots were situated 0.5 km from the source of pollution, the Non-Ferrous-Metal Works (MFMW) near Plovdiv, Bulgaria. Lemongrass is a heavy metal tolerant plant that can be grown on heavily heavy metal contaminated soils (45.0 mg/kg Cd, 1917.9 mg/kg Pb and 2273.1 mg/kg Zn). Pb and Cd accumulate mainly in the above-ground mass, Hg - in the root system, while Zn accumulates approximately in equal amounts in the roots and above-ground mass. Oxygenated monoterpenes (85.57%) predominate in lemongrass essential oil, followed by monoterpene hydrocarbons (8.77%) and oxygenated aliphatic hydrocarbons (3.13%), oxygenated sesquiterpenes (0.84%), sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (0.66%) and phenylpropanoid compounds (0.61%). The content of heavy metals in lemongrass essential oil is lower than the accepted maximum values and meets the requirements for an environmentally friendly product.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series E. Land Reclamation, Earth Observation & Surveying, Environmental Engineering, Vol. XIII
Written by Aurica Breica BOROZAN, Sorina POPESCU, Delia Gabriela DUMBRAVĂ, Diana Nicoleta RABA, Mirela Viorica POPA, Corina Dana MIȘCĂ, Carmen Daniela PETCU, Despina Maria BORDEAN, Camelia MOLDOVAN

The quality of drinking water is a challenge for consumers and scientists in our century. The bacterial diseases and deaths recorded in recent years, as a result of the consumption of fecal-contaminated water, are reasons for concern and microbiological evaluation of water in all populated areas on Earth. In this paper, microbiological and chemical analyses were performed for ten samples of water from wells drilled in households in the perimeter of Timis County, Romania. The analyses included the range of microbial groups and species considered indicators of water quality. Their isolation and identification were carried out on specific nutrient media and were completed with determinations of nitrates, phosphates and pH. According to the analysis reports, faecaligenous enterococci were not identified, instead clostridia were observed in most of the samples and a contamination with Escherichia coli. The microbial load is high in the majority of samples. The chemical analyses indicated the presence of phosphates and nitrates in most of the evaluated samples. The nitrates in the analyzed water samples did not exceed the value of 50 mgL-1stipulated in the standard. The obtained results suggest the presence of some sources of faecal contamination and require taking measures to treat the waters in question.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series E. Land Reclamation, Earth Observation & Surveying, Environmental Engineering, Vol. XIII
Written by Dragoș MANEA, Eugen MARIN

This paper presents the experimental results of an innovative atmospheric humidity collection system for irrigating crops. A humidity and temperature transducer located outside reads the temperature and relative humidity of the atmospheric air. Another transducer located on the indoor unit reads the temperature and humidity of the air leaving the humidification chamber. The controller monitors the temperatures and humidities transmitted by the transducers and when the optimal conditions are met for water to condense on the surface of the external collector, it commands the heating and humidification of the air to start. The system operates until the conditions for humidity condensation are no longer satisfied. The meteorological parameters provided by the local weather station related to the conditions under which water condenses was obtained and led to the adjustment of the automatic algorithm. During the experiments, the following parameters were determined: the flow rate of air pushed by the in-line duct fan, the temperature and humidity of the air jets at the exit from the hot air duct and the volume of water obtained.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series E. Land Reclamation, Earth Observation & Surveying, Environmental Engineering, Vol. XIII
Written by Mihai MAFTEI, Iuliana MARIN

Throughout human history, the fascination with celestial objects and the night sky has persisted. This article introduces a web-based application designed to assist users in identifying constellations, light pollution that obscures stars in the night sky, along with moon phases in astronomical photographs. The application utilizes image processing techniques and template matching to achieve this recognition, enabling users to explore the cosmos independently. The article outlines the methodology, including the creation of constellation templates and the process of image normalization and matching. It also discusses the mathematical calculations involved in star recognition and moon phase determination. The application's user-friendly interface and feedback from users are presented, indicating a positive response. The article concludes by highlighting the potential for further development, including the conversion of the application into a mobile version and the addition of features such as air pollutants indices, a moon phase calendar, and zodiacal data. The application is poised to be a valuable tool for astronomy enthusiasts, navigators, and those interested in exploring the mysteries of the night sky.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series E. Land Reclamation, Earth Observation & Surveying, Environmental Engineering, Vol. XIII
Written by Alexandru CĂLIN

In the paper titled “Exploring the Top 5 Drones for Land Measurements”, we conduct a comprehensive analysis of the latest drone technology applied in the field of geospatial surveying. The study evaluates five leading drone models based on their accuracy, efficiency, and cost-effectiveness in land measurement tasks. Through a series of field tests and data comparisons, the paper highlights the strengths and limitations of each drone, providing insights into their suitability for various surveying contexts. The findings aim to guide professionals in selecting the most appropriate drone technology for their specific land measurement needs, ultimately contributing to more informed decision-making in the industry. This abstract summarizes the paper’s intent to bridge the gap between drone technology and practical application in land surveying.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series E. Land Reclamation, Earth Observation & Surveying, Environmental Engineering, Vol. XIII
Written by Dan Constantin PUCHIANU

Intelligent parking systems that capitalize on the characteristics of deep-learning architectures have become an important point of research due to their ability to improve efficiency, reduce traffic congestion and improve the experience of drivers. The availability and ineffective management of parking spaces is a major problem in most cities, leading to traffic congestion and pollution. This study aims to introduce a state-of-the-art implementation of intelligent parking systems using neural networks and web application development. The optimization of neural networks enables careful analysis of images and videos from surveillance cameras to quickly identify available parking spaces in real time. These implementations offer innovative solutions for drivers looking for parking spaces, thus reducing the time spent searching for them and reducing traffic congestion. The development of a web application was proposed to complete the implementation part of the study using trained neural networks to provide a useful user interface for displaying available parking spaces. This study aims to open the way to automated parking, predictive parking availability and smart parking systems. Compared to other architectures, the proposed models have demonstrated superior performance, and the effective use of these technologies can improve smart-city practices and reduce the impact of traffic pollution on the environment.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series E. Land Reclamation, Earth Observation & Surveying, Environmental Engineering, Vol. XIII
Written by Rupesh SINGH, Henrique TRINDADE, João Ricardo SOUSA

Biochar is being produced from biosolids waste of several industrial sectors, including Agri industries by pyrolysis process. Present investigation aims to evaluate the biochar produced from forest debris. Animal farming is a major agri industry and produces huge amounts of waste solids and liquid fractions which are a major source for composting of organic residues. Large amounts of greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide) and ammonia are released to the environment during the composting process and become a major concern for environmental health. The solid biowaste from cattle farms was inoculated with biochar and emissions of methane, carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide and ammonia were measured in comparison to control. Present study may develop a sustainable method in the composting process to reduce the greenhouse gas emissions and improve the environmental health for a better tomorrow.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series E. Land Reclamation, Earth Observation & Surveying, Environmental Engineering, Vol. XIII
Written by Loredana COPĂCEAN, Eugen Teodor MAN, Sorin HERBAN, Luminiţa COJOCARIU, Cosmin POPESCU

In Romania, in recent decades, many facilities to combat soil erosion have been abandoned, which leads to the amplification of the effects of this phenomenon, with repercussions on the environment. In this context, through this study, it is aimed to apply a spatial analysis model to identify areas susceptible to soil erosion, to establish the intensity of this phenomenon, but also to analyze its impact on the environment, at the level of the Crişul Alb basin. GIS technique and Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) were used. Through this equation, the following factors, participants /determinants of soil erosion were taken into account: climatic aggressiveness, land topography, soil characteristics, vegetation cover, land improvement measures. The soil erosion map at basin level, was classified into five classes, respectively areas with very low, low, moderate, high and very high susceptibility to soil erosion. The results show that 74% of the territory belongs to the class of susceptibility to very low erosion, and 4% with high and very high erosion rates, these being the main "hot spots" that must be taken into account in the development strategies of the hydrographic basin.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series E. Land Reclamation, Earth Observation & Surveying, Environmental Engineering, Vol. XIII
Written by Mihaela Alexandra ROTARU, Loredana VĂDUVA, Olimpia Alina IORDĂNESCU, Ioan PETROMAN

The pollution of surface or underground water sources is done by physical, chemical, and biological means, the ecological effects manifesting themselves through the modification of abiotic factors and implicitly all trophic levels. Evacuated unprocessed, untreated and accidentally ending up in emissions or on the ground, the liquid wastes contribute to the heating of the water and the decrease of oxygenation degree determined by the acceleration of the organic mass decomposition phenomena and on the soil by degrading its quality by increasing the amount of nitrogen. These effects the more visible in the researched area, Arad County in the vicinity of swine farms and especially in the area of former treatment plants belonging to disused farms, where the waters of the area, due to the activity of aerobic microorganisms, flourished and some species of fauna and flora even disappeared if the discharged faeces, after a certain processing the CBO5 parameter had 45.1-55.0 mg·L-1.

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